Purnell's
Model
Overview/Heritage:
Page
2
Page
3
Page
4
Page
5 Communication
Page
2
Family
roles & organization
Page
2
Page
3
Workforce
issues
Biocultural
ecology
High-risk
behaviors
Nutrition
Page
2
Pregnancy
Death
rituals
Spirituality
Page
2
Page
3
Health
care practices
Page
2
Page
3
Health
care practitioners
References
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Click
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Purnell's model
is a circle with the outer ring representing global
society. Global society is "world
communications and politics; conflicts and warfare; natural disasters
and famines; international exchanges in business, commerce, and
information technology; advances in the health sciences; space
exploration; and the increased ability for people to travel around the
world and to interact with diverse societies." (p. 9).11
The second ring is labeled
"Community" and is defined
as "a group of people having a
common interest or identity and living in a specified locality." (p.
9).11
The third ring represents
"Family" and is defined as "two or
more people who are emotionally involved with each other" (p. 9).11
The
fourth ring represents "Person" and is defined as "a
biopsychosociocultural human being who is constantly adapting" (p. 9).11
In
from the person ring are 12 wedges that represent cultural domains and
their concepts:
Overview/heritage
Includes
concepts related to:
-
Communication
Includes
concepts related to:
Family roles and
organization
Includes
concepts related to:
-
The
head of the household
-
Gender
roles
-
Family goals and
priorities
-
Developmental tasks of
children and adolescents
-
Roles of the aged
-
Roles
of extended family
members
-
Individual and social status in the
community
-
Acceptance
of alternative lifestyles
Workforce
issues
Includes
concepts related to:
-
Autonomy
-
Acculturation
-
Assimilation
-
Gender
roles
-
Ethnic communication
styles
-
Individualism
Health care
practices from the country of origin.
11, 12, 13
-
Biocultural
ecology
Includes
concepts related to:
-
Skin
color
-
Body
type
-
Diseases that are genetic,
hereditary, topographic or endemic
How
the culture
metabolizes drugs11, 12, 13
-
High-risk
behavior
Includes
concepts related to:
-
Drug
use
-
Alcohol
use
-
Nicotine
use
-
Dangerous
behaviors
-
Use of safety equipment (seat
belts, helmets)
-
High risk behaviors (sexually or
otherwise)
-
Degree
of sedentary lifestyle
Consumption of unhealthy food 11, 12, 13
-
Nutrition
Includes
concepts related to:
-
Availability of
food
-
Rituals and
taboos associated with food
-
The
meaning of food to the culture
How
food is used in sickness and in
health11, 12, 13
-
Pregnancy
and childbearing practices
Includes
concepts related to:
-
Fertility
practices
-
Labor and delivery
practices
-
Practices
that are considered taboo, prescriptive or restrictive during
pregnancy
Labor and postpartum11,
12, 13
-
Death
rituals
Includes
concepts related to:
Spirituality
Includes
concepts related to:
-
Practices that give strength and meaning of life
to a individual
-
Religious
practices
How
prayer is used11, 12, 13
-
Health care
practices
Includes
concepts related to:
-
Does
the culture seek preventative or
acute treatment?
-
Magicoreligious healthcare
beliefs
-
Traditional
practices
-
Individual responsibility for
health
-
Self medicating
practices
-
iews towards issues such as
-
Organ
donation
-
Mental
illness
-
Rehabilitation
-
How pain is
expressed
-
The sick
role
Barriers to health care11,
12, 13
-
Health care
practitioners
Includes
concepts related to:
-
Type of practitioners the culture uses
-
Traditional, or folk
-
Biomedical
-
Does gender of the
practitioner comes in to play?
What
is the status the practitioner has in
this culture?11, 12,
13
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