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Holloway Hall
Citation Style Guide 

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Following is a list of citation examples, from prominent style guides, that can be used for writing papers and completing assignments.  Choose the citation style assigned by your professor.
(NOTE: Print editions of the major style manuals are available at the Research Help Desk)

                           MLA | APA | Turabian/Chicago | Government | Other
 
Modern Language Association (MLA)
    (Literature, Arts, Humanities)

Book by a single author

Format: Author's last name, first name. Title of the book. Place of Publication: Publisher name, Date of publication.

Example: Staff, Frank. The Valentine & Its Origins. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1969.

Article in a periodical

Format: Author's name. "Title of the article." Journal Title volume number (Date of publication): pages.

Example: Fuller, Graham. "Brute Force." Film Comment 39 (2000): 35-37. 

Articles / websites found online

Format: Author's name. "Title of the website article." Title of the entire website. Date of document or date of last revision, if known. Website URL (Date of access).

Example: Burka, Lauren P. "A Hypertext History of Multi-User Dimensions." MUD History. 1993. http://www.utopia.com/talent/lpb/muddex/essay (2 Aug. 1996).

Articles found via online database

Format: Author's last name, first name. "Title of article." Title of Publication. Edition number and/or date of publication. Name of electronic database. Name of online service provider. (Date accessed).

Example: Warren, Christopher. "Working to Ensure a Secure and Comprehensive Peace in the Middle East." U.S. Dept. of State Dispatch  7:14, 1 Apr. 1996. Academic Search. EBSCOHost. (12 Aug. 1996).

Other MLA web and print style guides

Two Major Citation Styles (Eastern Washington University) - choose MLA Flash Tutorial
MLA Style Electronic Formats (Guffey)
Modern Language Association (MLA) Format (Purdue University)
PRINT: MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (5th ed.)
Ready Reference LB 2369 .G53 1999

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                           MLA | APA | Turabian/Chicago | Government | Other
 
American Psychological Association (APA)
   (Psychology, Education, Social Sciences)

Book by a single author

Format: Author's last name, Initial(s). (Date of publication). Title of the book. Place of Publication: Publisher name.

Example: Staff, F.E. (1969). The Valentine & Its Origins. New York: Frederick A. Praeger.

Article from a journal 

With a DOI (Online or Hardcopy) (See below for an explanation of DOI)
Format: Author's last name, Initial(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Journal title, volume number (issue number), pages. DOI number.

Example: Ke, F., & Hoadley, C. (2009). Evaluating online learning communities. Educational Technology Research & Development, 57(4), 487-510.
doi:10.1007/s11423-009-9120-2

Without a DOI (Hardcopy)
Format: Author's last name, Initial(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Journal title, volume number (issue number), pages.

Example: Carter, K. (1995). Teaching stories and local understandings. Journal of Educational Research, 88(6), 326-330.

Without a DOI (Database or Website)
Format: Author's last name, Initial(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Journal title, volume number (issue number), pages. Retrieved from website

Example: Goral, T. (2009). The Sustainable Learning Community. University Business, 12(7), 18. Retrieved from http://www.universitybusiness.com/

Article from a magazine

Format: Author's last name, Initial(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Journal Title, volume number(issue), pages.

Example: Zimmer, C. (2009, July/August). The Brain. Discover, 30(7), 24-25.

Article from a newspaper

Format: Author's last name, Initial(s). (Date of publication). Title of the article. Newspaper Title, pages. Discontinuous pages are separated by commas

Example: Poirot, C. (2004, March 17). HIV prevention pill goes beyond 'morning after'. The Hartford Courant, pp. F1, F6.

Websites

Format: Author's last name, Initial(s). (Date of document or date of last revision, if known). Title of the website/article. Retrieved date of web retrieval, from URL.

Example: Burka, L. P. (1993). A hypertext history of multi-user dimensions. Retrieved August 2, 2007, from http://www.csun.edu/~hceng028/m-hist.txt.

DOI: Digital Object Identifier
The DOI is a set of numbers and/or letters given to individual journal articles.
- You should include the DOI for articles retrieved online or from hardcopy
- The database might give the DOI in the citation section.  If not, then you may find it at the
   top or bottom of the first page
- When you have a DOI, you do not need to include the web address
- When you do not have a DOI, you must include the URL of the journal's homepage
   from the publisher's website. If this URL is too long, you may use the publisher's
   homepage. You may have to search for this website online.
   Do not use the direct URL of the article and do not use the database name or URL
   (exceptions; a dissertation, an ERIC document or older JSTOR article)
- Older hardcopy journals will not have a DOI, so you will cite it without one

Other APA web and print style guides

APA Exposed (Harvard University Graduate School of Education)

Two Major Citation Styles (Eastern Washington University) - choose APA Flash Tutorial
The APA Interactive Tutorial (
Kevin Schoepp)
APA Style Electronic Formats (Guffey)
American Psychological Association (APA) Format (Purdue University)
PRINT: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.)
Ready Reference BF 76.7 .P83 2010
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                           MLA | APA | Turabian/Chicago | Government | Other
 
Turabian / Chicago Manual of Style
    (History, some Science Disciplines)

Book by a single author

Format: Author's last name, First (and middle) name(s). Date of publication. Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher name.

Example: Staff, Frank Edward. 1969. The Valentine & Its Origins. New York: Frederick A. Praeger.

Article in a periodical

Format: Author's last name, First (and middle) name(s). Date of publication. Title of the article. Journal Title volume number (Month): pages.

Example: Fuller, Graham T. (2000). Brute Force. Film Comment 36 (Sept/Oct): 35- 37.

"The only electronic works covered by Turabian are electronic documents from ERIC (p. 210) and online technical reports (p.227-29). No examples are given of Internet sites or articles from full-text online databases. Therefore, the following citations are based on Chicago Manual 15th ed. Note: When citing electronic materials, Chicago Manual states that an access date need only be included "If the publisher or discipline requires it..." (p. 754). " - Available from <http://www.lib.usm.edu/~instruct/guides/turabian.html>. [June 13th, 2005].

Articles / websites found online

Format: Author's last name, First (and middle) name(s). Title of website article. Date of document or last revision, if known. Internet online. Available from <URL of website>. [Date of access].

Example: Burka, Lauren P. A hypertext history of multi-user dimensions. Internet online. Available from <http://www.utopia.com/talent/ lpb/muddex/essay>. [2 Aug. 1996].

Articles found via online database

Format: Author's last name, First name Middle Initial(s). "Title of the article." Journal title volume number: issue number. Available from name of electronic database, name of online service provider. <URL of electronic database>. [Date of access].

Example: Warren, Christopher. 1996. "Working to ensure a secure and comprehensive peace in the Middle East." U.S. Dept. of State Dispatch 7:14. Available from Academic Search, EBSCOHost. <http://search.epnet.com/login.asp?site=ehost> [12 August, 1996].

Other Turabian / Chicago Manual of Style web and print style guides

Chicago Manual of Style (Turabian)  (Colorado State University)
PRINT: A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, & Dissertations (6th ed.)
Ready Reference LB 2369 .T8 1996
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                           MLA | APA | Turabian/Chicago | Government | Other
 

Government Publications


Other Online / Electronic Style Guides

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