Laboratory Safety: Chemical Substance Incompatibilities
|
Substance... |
...is Incompatible
with |
|
Acetic acid
|
Chromic acid, nitric acid, hydroxyl
compounds, ethylene glycol, perchloric acid, peroxides,
permanganates, ammonium nitrate |
| Acetic anhydride |
Hydroxyl-containing compounds such as
ethylene glycol, perchloric acid |
| Acetone |
Concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid
mixtures |
| Acetaldehyde |
Acetic acid, acetic anhydride |
| Acetylene |
Chlorine, bromine, copper, fluorine,
silver, mercury |
| Acrolein |
Ammonia(aqueous), any alkali or
amine, strong oxidizing agents |
| Alkali and alkaline earth metals
(such as powdered aluminum or magnesium, calcium, lithium, sodium,
potassium) |
Water, carbon tetrachloride or other
chlorinated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, halogens |
| Aluminum metal |
Ammonium nitrate, antimony
trichloride, bromate |
| Ammonia (anhydrous) |
Mercury (in manometers, for example),
chlorine, calcium hypochlorite, iodine, bromine, hydrofluoric acid
(anhydrous) |
| Ammonium nitrate |
Acids, powdered metals, flammable
liquids, chlorates, nitrites, sulfur, finely divided organic
combustible materials |
| Aniline |
Nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide,
strong acids, oxidizers |
| Arsenic materials |
Any reducing agent |
| Azides |
Acids |
| Bromine |
Ammonia, acetylene, butadiene,
butane, methane, propane (or other petroleum gases), hydrogen,
sodium carbide, benzene, finely divided metals, turpentine |
| Calcium oxide |
Water |
| Carbon (activated) |
Calcium hypochlorite, all oxidizing
agents |
| Carbon tetrachloride |
Sodium |
| Chlorates |
Ammonium salts, acids, powdered
metals, sulfur, finely divided organic or combustible materials |
| Chromic acid and chromium trioxide |
Acetic acid, naphthalene, camphor,
glycerol, alcohol, flammable liquids in general |
| Chlorine |
Ammonia, acetylene, butadiene,
butane, methane, propane (or other petroleum gases), hydrogen,
sodium carbide, benzene, finely divided metals, turpentine |
| Chlorine dioxide |
Chlorine Ammonia, methane, phosphine,
hydrogen sulfide |
| Copper |
Acetylene, hydrogen peroxide |
| Cumene hydroperoxide |
Acids (organic or inorganic) |
| Cyanides |
Acids |
| Flammable liquids |
Ammonium nitrate, chromic acid, HCl,
hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, sodium peroxide, halogens |
| Fluorine |
All other chemicals |
| Hydrazine |
Hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, any
other oxidant |
| Hydrocarbons (such as gasoline,
turpentine, butane, propane, benzene) |
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, chromic
acid, peroxides, sodium peroxide |
| Hydrocyanic acid |
Nitric acid, alkalis |
| Hydrofluoric acid (anhydrous),
hydrogen fluoride |
Ammonia (aqueous or anhydrous) |
| Hydrogen peroxide |
Copper, chromium, iron, most metals
or their salts, alcohols, acetone, organic materials, aniline,
nitromethane, combustible materials, ferrous sulfide |
| Hydrogen sulfide |
Fuming nitric acid, oxidizing gases |
| Hypochlorites |
Acids, activated carbon |
| Iodine |
Acetylene, ammonia (aqueous or
anhydrous), hydrogen |
| Mercury |
Acetylene, fulminic acid*, ammonia |
| Methanol |
Lead perchlorate, mercury nitrate |
| Nitrates |
Sulfuric acid |
| Nitric acid (concentrated) |
Acids: acetic,chromic, hydrocyanic
Flammable liquids: acetone, alcohol
Flammable gases: H2S
Heavy metals: any, copper, brass
|
| Nitrites |
Acids |
| Nitroparaffins |
Inorganic bases, amines |
| Oxalic acid |
Silver, mercury and their salts |
| Oxygen |
Oils, grease, hydrogen, flammable
liquids, solids or gases |
| Perchloric acid |
Acetic anhydride, bismuth and its
alloys, alcohol, paper, wood, grease, oils |
| Peroxides, organic |
Acids (organic or mineral) avoid
friction, store cold |
| Phosphorus (white) |
Air, oxygen, alkalis, reducing agents |
| Phosphorus pentoxide |
Alcohols, strong bases, water |
| Potassium
|
Carbon tetrachloride, carbon dioxide,
water |
| Potassium chlorate |
Sulfuric and other acids, ammonium
salts, metal powders, combustibles |
| Potassium nitrite |
Potassium cyanide(if heated) |
| Potassium perchlorate |
Acids, Acetic anhydride, bismuth and
its alloys, alcohol, paper, wood, grease, oils |
| Potassium permanganate |
Glycerol, ethylene glycol,
benzaldehyde, sulfuric acid |
| Selenides |
Reducing agents |
| Silver, and Silver salts |
Acetylene, oxalic acid, tartaric
acid, ammonium compounds, fulminic acid* |
| Sodium |
Water, carbon tetrachloride or other
chlorinated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, halogens, sulfur
|
| Sodium Azide |
Heavy Metals: Lead, Copper |
| Sodium nitrite |
Ammonium nitrate and other ammonium
salts |
| Sodium peroxide |
Ethyl or methyl alcohol, glacial
acetic acid, acetic anhydride, benzaldehyde, carbon disulfide,
glycerin, ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, furfural |
| Sulfides |
Acids |
| Sulfur |
Silver Oxide |
| Sulfuric acid |
Chlorates, perchlorates,
permanganates and their compounds with potassium/sodium/lithium |
| Tellurides |
Reducing Agents |
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