|
ALCOHOL,
TOBACCO, & OTHER DRUG INFORMATION
Alcohol and other Drug
Education Program Information
Straight
Facts About Drugs, Cigarettes and Alcohol
Useful links
Smoking Information
HERE
ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS ABOUT...
Marijuana
Marijuana is the most widely used illicit
drug in the United States and tends to be the first illegal drug teens
use.
The physical effects of marijuana use,
particularly on developing young adults, can be acute.
|
Short-Term
Effects |
Long-Term
Effects |
|
Sleepiness.
Difficulty
keeping track of time, impaired or reduced short-term memory.
Reduced
ability to perform tasks requiring concentration and coordination,
such as driving a car.
Increased
heart rate.
Potential
cardiac dangers for those with preexisting heart disease.
Bloodshot
eyes.
Dry mouth
and throat.
Decreased
social inhibitions.
Paranoia,
hallucinations.
|
Enhanced
cancer risk.
Decrease
in testosterone levels for men; also lower sperm counts and
difficulty having children.
Increase
in testosterone levels for women; also increased risk of
infertility.
Diminished
or extinguished sexual pleasure.
Psychological dependence requiring more of the drug to get the same
effect.
|
Marijuana blocks the messages going to
your brain and alters your perceptions and emotions, vision, hearing,
and coordination.
A recent study of 1,023 trauma patients
admitted to a shock trauma unit found that one-third had marijuana in
their blood.
Back
to Top
HERE
ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS ABOUT...
Cigarette Smoking
Although many people smoke because they
believe cigarettes calm their nerves, smoking releases epinephrine, a
hormone which creates physiological stress in the smoker, rather than
relaxation. The use of tobacco is addictive. Most users develop tolerance
for nicotine and need greater amounts to produce a desired effect. Smokers
become physically and psychologically dependent and will suffer withdrawal
symptoms including: changes in body temperature, heart rate, digestion,
muscle tone, and appetite. Psychological symptoms include: irritability,
anxiety, sleep disturbances, nervousness, headaches, fatigue, nausea,
and cravings for tobacco that can last days, weeks, months, years, or
an entire lifetime.
Risks associated with smoking cigarettes:
- diminished or extinguished sense of
smell and taste
- frequent colds
- smoker's cough
- gastric ulcers
- chronic bronchitis
- increase in heart rate and blood pressure
- premature and more abundant face wrinkles
- emphysema
- heart disease
- stroke
- cancer of the mouth, larynx, pharynx,
esophagus, lungs, pancreas, cervix, uterus, and bladder
Cigarette smoking is perhaps the most
devastating preventable cause of disease and premature death.
Smoking is particularly dangerous for
teens because their bodies are still developing and changing and the 4,000
chemicals (including 200 known poisons) in cigarette smoke can adversely
affect this process.
Cigarettes are highly addictive. One-third
of young people who are just "experimenting" end up being addicted
by the time they are 20.
For information about smoking cessation
go to: The
Wellness Center
HERE
ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS ABOUT...
Alcohol
Alcohol abuse
is a pattern of problem drinking that results in health consequences,
social, problems, or both. However, alcohol dependence, or alcoholism,
refers to a disease that is characterized by abnormal alcohol-seeking
behavior that leads to impaired control over drinking.
|
Short-Term
Effects |
Long-Term
Effects |
|
Distorted vision, hearing, and
coordination.
Altered perceptions and emotions.
Impaired judgment.
Bad breath; hangover.
|
Loss
of appetite.
Vitamin
deficiencies.
Stomach
ailments.
Skin
problems.
Sexual
impotence.
Liver
damage.
Heart and
central nervous system damage.
Memory
loss.
|
Back
to Top
HERE
ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS ABOUT...
Ecstasy
Ecstasy is an illegal synthetic, or designer,
drug. Designer drugs mimic an already illegal drug by slightly altering
the chemical composition. Ecstasy is also called MDMA, which stands for
methylenedioxymethamphetamine. The amount of MDMA needed to get "high"
is close to the toxic dose. Ecstasy is similar to methamphetamine and
MDA, which is another designer drug in it's chemistry; therefore it may
have similar affects to other amphetamines. Ecstasy acts as a stimulant
to the central nervous system. Ecstasy can be found in a capsule or pill
form, of various colors. It may also be in powder form. Ecstasy is commonly
used at "rave" party settings. "Raves" are all night
parties known for their dance music and drug experimentation. Other names
for ecstasy are wonder drug and XTC.
|
Immediate
Effects |
Long-Term
Effects |
Psychological
Effects |
|
Feelings
of detachment.
Loss
of drives such as hunger, sleep, and sexual.
Muscle
tension.
Blurred
vision/rapid eye movements.
Sweating
or chill.
Insomnia.
Tremors.
Hypertension.
Increase
in heart rate.
Decrease
in appetite.
Dehydration.
Nausea.
Fainting.
Death.
|
Anorexia.
High
blood pressure.
Kidney
failure.
Stroke.
Change
in emotion.
Affects
memory.
Change
in brain chemicals.
|
Confusion.
Depression.
Sleep
problems.
Anxiety.
Paranoia.
Hallucinations.
Panic.
Psychotic
episodes.
|
Ecstasy
can deplete as much as 90% of the brain's serotonin supply with two weeks
of use. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter in the brain, which controls activities
such as regulating aggression, thinking, sleeping, eating, sensitivity
to pain, and mood.
Herbal Ecstasy
The
main drug in herbal ecstasy is ephedra or ma huang, a natural herb. Herbal
ecstasy is legal in most states; although some states have recently banned
the drug. Ephedra has been used for weight control, upper respiratory
treatment, and as an energy booster. Herbal ecstasy can be found in a
capsule or pill form, of various colors. Herbal ecstasy can be purchased
from a variety of places, including some health food stores, record stores,
nightclubs, and through mail order. Herbal ecstasy is commonly used at
"rave" party settings. Other brand names of drugs containing
ingredients similar to herbal ecstasy are Cloud 9, Ultimate Xphoria, X,
and Rave Energy.
Herbal
ecstasy, when combined with caffeine, stimulates the central nervous system.
Effects
- Liver
failure
- Increased
blood pressure
- Increased
heart rate
- Palpitations
- Stroke
- Fainting
- Euphoric
feeling
- Increase
in sexual sensations
- Increase
in awareness
- Seizures
- Heart
attacks
- Death
Back
to Top
HERE
ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS ABOUT...
Cocaine and Crack Cocaine
Cocaine is a white powder that comes from
the leaves of the South American coca plant. Cocaine is either "snorted"
through the nasal passages or injected intravenously. Cocaine belongs
to a class of drugs known as stimulants, which tend to give a temporary
illusion of limitless power and energy that leave the user feeling depressed,
edgy, and craving more. Crack is a smokable form of cocaine that has been
chemically altered. Cocaine and crack are highly addictive. This addiction
can erode physical and mental health and can become so strong that these
drugs dominate all aspects of an addict's life.
|
Physical
risks associated with using any amount of cocaine and crack |
Psychological
risks |
|
Increases in blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate, and body
temperature.
Heart
attacks, strokes, and respiratory failure.
Hepatitis
or AIDS through shared needles.
Brain
seizures.
Reduction of the body's ability
to resist and combat infection.
|
Violent,
erratic, or paranoid behavior.
Hallucinations and "coke bugs"--a sensation of imaginary insects
crawling over the skin.
Confusion,
anxiety and depression, loss of interest in food or sex.
"Cocaine psychosis"--losing
touch with reality, loss of interest in friends, family, sports,
hobbies, and other activities. |
Some users spend hundred or thousands
of dollars on cocaine and crack each week and will do anything to support
their habit. Many turn to drug selling, prostitution, or other crimes.
Cocaine and crack use has been a contributing
factor in a number of drownings, car crashes, falls, burns, and suicides.
Cocaine and crack addicts often become
unable to function sexually.
Even first time users may experience seizures
or heart attacks, which can be fatal.
Back
to Top
HERE
ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS ABOUT...
Hallucinogens
Hallucinogenic drugs are substances that
distort the perception of objective reality. The most well-known hallucinogens
include phencyclidine, otherwise known as PCP, angel dust, or loveboat;
lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly known as LSD or acid; mescaline and
peyote; and psilocybin, or "magic" mushrooms. Under the influence
of hallucinogens, the senses of direction, distance, and time become disoriented.
These drugs can produce unpredictable, erratic, and violent behavior in
users that sometimes leads to serious injuries and death. The effect of
hallucinogens can last for 12 hours.
LSD produces tolerance, so that users
who take the drug repeatedly must take higher and higher doses in order
to achieve the same state of intoxication. This is extremely dangerous,
given the unpredictability of the drug, and can result in increased risk
of convulsions, coma, heart and lung failure, and even death.
|
Physical
risks associated with using hallucinogens |
Psychological
risks associated with using hallucinogens |
|
Increased heart rate and blood pressure.
Sleeplessness
and tremors.
Lack
of muscular coordination.
Sparse,
mangled, and incoherent speech.
Decreased
awareness of touch and pain that can result in self-inflicted
injuries.
Convulsions.
Coma;
heart and lung failure. |
A sense of
distance and estrangement.
Depression, anxiety, and paranoia.
Violent
behavior.
Confusion,
suspicion, and loss of control.
Flashbacks.
Behavior
similar to schizophrenic psychosis.
Catatonic
syndrome whereby the user becomes mute, lethargic, disoriented, and
makes.
Meaningless repetitive movements. |
Everyone reacts differently to hallucinogens--there's
no way to predict if you can avoid a "bad trip."
Back
to Top
|