The Various fields/specialties within Psychology (Subfields)
There are many different fields within the
Psychology fields. They are:
- Clinical Psychology-The largest
specialty. Most often work in counseling centers, independent or
group practices, hospitals, or clinics. Help mentally and emotionally
disturbed clients adjust to life and may help medical and surgical
patients deal with illnesses or injuries. Some clinical psychologists work
in physical rehabilitation settings, treating patients with spinal cord
injuries, chronic pain or illness, stroke, arthritis, and neurological
conditions. Others help people deal with times of personal crisis, such as
divorce or the death of a loved one. Often interview patients and
give diagnostic tests. They may provide individual, family, or group
psychotherapy, and design and implement behavior modification programs.
Some clinical psychologists collaborate with physicians and other
specialists to develop and implement treatment and intervention programs
that patients can understand and comply with. Other clinical psychologists
work in universities and medical schools, where they train graduate
students in the delivery of mental health and behavioral medicine
services. Some administer community mental health programs.
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- Community Psychology-The branch of
psychology concerned with person-environment interactions and the ways
society impacts upon individual and community functioning. Community
psychology focuses on social issues, social institutions, and other
settings that influence individuals, groups, and organizations.
- Counseling Psychology-As a
professional counselor or counselor educator, you are the linchpin to
helping clients and students with the challenges that they face each and
every day. This profession differs from other human service
professions in its developmental approach to problem solving. Counselors
deal with human development concerns through support, therapeutic
approaches, consultation, evaluation, teaching, and research. Simply
stated, counseling is the art of helping people grow.
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- Developmental Psychology- studies
the physiological, cognitive, and social development that takes place
throughout life. Some specialize in behavior during infancy, childhood,
and adolescence, or changes that occur during maturity or old age. They
also may study developmental disabilities and their effects. Increasingly,
research is developing ways to help elderly people remain independent as
long as possible.
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- Educational Psychology-Focuses on
the study of learning outcomes, student attributes, and instructional
processes directly related to the classroom and the school, such as amount
of instructional time or individual differences in school learning. An
educational psychologist helps gather information for teachers and parents
when students have academic or behavioral problems. They assist by
evaluating students' thinking abilities and assessing individual strengths
and weaknesses.
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- Environmental Psychology-The study
of the relationship between environments and human behavior as well as how
they affect one other. These environments include social settings, built
environments, learning environments and informational environments.
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- Experimental psychology-These
psychologist often work in university and private research centers
and in business, nonprofit, and governmental organizations. They study
behavior processes using human beings and animals, such as rats, monkeys,
and pigeons. Prominent areas of study in experimental research include
motivation, thought, attention, learning and memory, sensory and
perceptual processes, effects of substance abuse, and genetic and
neurological factors affecting behavior.
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- Forensic Psychology-the
application of the science and profession of psychology to questions and
issues relating to law and the legal system. Forensic psychologists study
problems of crime prevention, rehabilitation programs in prisons,
courtroom dynamics, psychology and the law, select candidates for police
work. Forensic psychologists delve into the vast psychological
perspectives and apply them to criminal justice system. Forensic
Psychology knowledge is used in various forms, such as in treating
mentally ill offenders, consulting with attorneys (e.g., on picking a
jury), analyzing a criminal's mind and intent, and practicing within the
civil arena.
Learn
More.
- Industrial and Organizational Psychology-Industrial-organizational
psychology helps develop strategies that build better organizations. An
I-O psychologist can help with staffing, workforce development, and
workplace climate issues. Learn
more.
- School Psychology-School
Psychologists are professionals trained to work with pre-schoolers,
children, adolescents, and their teachers and families. They work with all
school personnel to help make education for students a positive and
rewarding experience.
- Social psychology-Examine people’s
interactions with others and with the social environment. They work in
organizational consultation, marketing research, systems design, or other
applied psychology fields. Prominent areas of study include group
behavior, leadership, attitudes, and perception. Social psychology
is closely related to three other disciplines: personality psychology,
organizational psychology, and sociology.
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Here.
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